bupropion (24 hr bupropion hydrochloride 150 mg extended release oral tablet) Dailymed

6 Adverse Reactions

Most common adverse reactions are (incidence ≥ 5%; ≥ 2× placebo rate): dry mouth, nausea, insomnia, dizziness, pharyngitis, abdominal pain, agitation, anxiety, tremor, palpitation, sweating, tinnitus, myalgia, anorexia, urinary frequency, rash (6.1)

To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact Zydus Pharmaceuticals (USA) Inc. at 1-877-993-8779 or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch .

The following adverse reactions are discussed in greater detail in other sections of the labeling:

• Suicidal thoughts and behaviors in children, adolescents, and young adults [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)]
• Neuropsychiatric adverse events and suicide risk in smoking cessation treatment [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)]
• Seizure [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3)]
• Hypertension [see Warnings and Precautions (5.4)]
• Activation of mania or hypomania [see Warnings and Precautions (5.5)]
• Psychosis and other neuropsychiatric events [see Warnings and Precautions (5.6)]
• Angle-Closure Glaucoma [see Warnings and Precautions (5.7)]
• Hypersensitivity reactions [see Warnings and Precautions (5.8)]

6.1 Clinical Trials Experience

Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice.

Commonly Observed Adverse Reactions in Controlled Clinical Trials of Sustained-Release Bupropion Hydrochloride.

Adverse reactions that occurred in at least 5% of patients treated with bupropion hydrochloride sustained-release (300 mg and 400 mg per day) and at a rate at least twice the placebo rate are uled below.

300 mg/day of bupropion hydrochloride sustained-release: anorexia, dry mouth, rash, sweating, tinnitus, and tremor.

400 mg/day of bupropion hydrochloride sustained-release: abdominal pain, agitation, anxiety, dizziness, dry mouth, insomnia, myalgia, nausea, palpitation, pharyngitis, sweating, tinnitus, and urinary frequency.

Bupropion hydrochloride extended-release tablets (XL) have been demonstrated to have similar bioavailability both to the immediate-release and sustained-release formulations of bupropion. The information included under this subsection and under subsection 6.2 is based primarily on data from controlled clinical trials with the sustained-release and extended-release formulations of bupropion hydrochloride.

Major Depressive Disorder

Adverse Reactions Leading to Discontinuation of Treatment with Bupropion hydrochloride Immediate-Release, Bupropion hydrochloride Sustained-Release, and Bupropion hydrochloride Extended-Release in Major Depressive Disorder Trials

In placebo-controlled clinical trials with bupropion hydrochloride sustained-release, 4%, 9%, and 11% of the placebo, 300 mg/day and 400 mg/day groups, respectively, discontinued treatment because of adverse reactions. The specific adverse reactions leading to discontinuation in at least 1% of the 300 mg/day or 400 mg/day groups and at a rate at least twice the placebo rate are uled in Table 2.

Table 2 Treatment Discontinuation Due to Adverse Reactions in Placebo-Controlled Trials in MDD

Adverse Reaction Term	Placebo (n=385)	Bupropion Hydrochloride Sustained-Release 300 mg/day (n=376)	Bupropion Hydrochloride Sustained-Release 400 mg/day (n=114)
Rash	0%	2.4%	0.9%
Nausea	0.3%	0.8%	1.8%
Agitation	0.3%	0.3%	1.8%
Migraine	0.3%	0%	1.8%

In clinical trials with bupropion hydrochloride immediate-release, 10% of patients and volunteers discontinued due to an adverse reaction. Reactions resulting in discontinuation (in addition to those uled above for the sustained-release formulation) included vomiting, seizures, and sleep disturbances.

 

Adverse Reactions Occurring at an Incidence of > 1% in Patients Treated with Bupropion hydrochloride Immediate-Release or Bupropion hydrochloride Sustained-Release in MDD

Table 3 summarizes the adverse reactions that occurred in placebo-controlled trials in patients treated with bupropion hydrochloride sustained-release 300 mg/day and 400 mg/day. These include reactions that occurred in either the 300 mg or 400 mg group at an incidence of 1% or more and were more frequent than in the placebo group.

Table 3 Adverse Reactions in Placebo-Controlled Trials in Patients with MDD

* Incidence based on the number of female patients.
† Hyphen denotes adverse reactions occurring in greater than 0 but less than 0.5% of patients
Body System/ Adverse Reaction	Placebo (n=385)	Bupropion Hydrochloride Sustained-Release 300 mg/day (n=376)	Bupropion Hydrochloride Sustained-Release 400 mg/day (n=114)
Body (General)
Headache	23%	26%	25%
Infection	6%	8%	9%
Abdominal Pain	2%	3%	9%
Asthenia	2%	2%	4%
Chest Pain	1%	3%	4%
Pain	2%	2%	3%
Fever	-	1%	2%
Cardiovascular
Palpitation	2%	2%	6%
Flushing	-	1%	4%
Migraine	1%	1%	4%
Hot flashes	1%	1%	3%
Digestive
Dry Mouth	7%	17%	24%
Nausea	8%	13%	18%
Constipation	7%	10%	5%
Diarrhea	6%	5%	7%
Anorexia	2%	5%	3%
Vomiting	2%	4%	2%
Dysphagia	0%	0%	2%
Musculoskeletal
Myalgia	3%	2%	6%
Arthralgia	1%	1%	4%
Arthritis	0%	0%	2%
Twitch	-	1%	2%
Nervous System
Insomnia	6%	11%	16%
Dizziness	5%	7%	11%
Agitation	2%	3%	9%
Anxiety	3%	5%	6%
Tremor	1%	6%	3%
Nervousness	3%	5%	3%
Somnolence	2%	2%	3%
Irritability	2%	3%	2%
Memory Decreased	1%	-	3%
Paresthesia	1%	1%	2%
Central Nervous System Stimulation	1%	2%	1%
Respiratory
Pharyngitis	2%	3%	11%
Sinusitis	2%	3%	1%
Increased Cough	1%	1%	2%
Skin
Sweating	2%	6%	5%
Rash	1%	5%	4%
Pruritus	2%	2%	4%
Urticaria	0%	2%	1%
Special Senses
Tinnitus	2%	6%	6%
Taste perversion	-	2%	4%
Blurred vision or diplopia	2%	3%	2%
Urogenital
Urinary frequency	2%	2%	5%
Urinary urgency	0%	-	2%
Vaginal hemorrhage*	-	0%	2%
Urinary Tract Infection	-â€	1%	0%

The following additional adverse reactions occurred in controlled trials of bupropion hydrochloride immediate-release (300 to 600 mg per day) at an incidence of at least 1% more frequently than in the placebo group were: cardiac arrhythmia (5% vs. 4%), hypertension (4% vs. 2%), hypotension (3% vs. 2%), menstrual complaints (5% vs. 1%), akathisia (2% vs. 1%), impaired sleep quality (4% vs. 2%), sensory disturbance (4% vs. 3%), confusion (8% vs. 5%), decreased libido (3% vs. 2%), hostility (6% vs. 4%), auditory disturbance (5% vs. 3%), and gustatory disturbance (3% vs. 1%).

Seasonal Affective Disorder

In placebo-controlled clinical trials in SAD, 9% of patients treated with bupropion hydrochloride extended-release tablets (XL) and 5% of patients treated with placebo discontinued treatment because of adverse reactions. The adverse reactions leading to discontinuation in at least 1% of patients treated with bupropion and at a rate numerically greater than the placebo rate were insomnia (2% vs. < 1%) and headache (1% vs. < 1%).

Table 4 summarizes the adverse reactions that occurred in patients treated with bupropion hydrochloride extended-release tablets (XL) for up to approximately 6 months in 3 placebo-controlled trials. These include reactions that occurred at an incidence of 2% or more and were more frequent than in the placebo group.

Table 4 Adverse Reactions in Placebo-Controlled Trials in Patients with SAD

System Organ Class/ Preferred Term	Placebo (n=511)	Bupropion Hydrochloride Extended-Release (n=537)
Gastrointestinal Disorder
Dry mouth	15%	26%
Nausea	8%	13%
Constipation	2%	9%
Flatulence	3%	6%
Abdominal pain	< 1%	2%
Nervous System Disorders
Headache	26%	34%
Dizziness	5%	6%
Tremor	< 1%	3%
Infections and Infestations
Nasopharyngitis	12%	13%
Upper respiratory tract infection	8%	9%
Sinusitis	4%	5%
Psychiatric Disorders
Insomnia	13%	20%
Anxiety	5%	7%
Abnormal dreams	2%	3%
Agitation	< 1%	2%
Musculoskeletal and Connective Tissue Disorders
Myalgia	2%	3%
Pain in extremity	2%	3%
Respiratory, Thoracic, and Mediastinal Disorders
Cough	3%	4%
General Disorders and Administration Site Conditions
Feeling jittery	2%	3%
Skin and Subcutaneous Tissue Disorders
Rash	2%	3%
Metabolism and Nutrition Disorders
Decreased appetite	1%	4%
Reproductive System and Breast Disorders
Dysmenorrhea	< 1%	2%
Ear and Labyrinth Disorders
Tinnitus	< 1%	3%
Vascular Disorders
Hypertension	0%	2%

Changes in Body Weight

Table 5 presents the incidence of body weight changes (≥ 5 lbs) in the short-term MDD trials using bupropion hydrochloride sustained-release. There was a dose-related decrease in body weight.

Table 5 Incidence of Weight Gain or Weight Loss (≥ 5 lbs) in MDD Trials Using Bupropion hydrochloride Sustained-Release

Weight Change	Bupropion Hydrochloride Sustained-Release 300 mg/day (n=339)	Bupropion Hydrochloride Sustained-Release 400 mg/day (n=112)	Placebo (n=347)
Gained > 5 lbs	3%	2%	4%
Lost > 5 lbs	14%	19%	6%

Table 6 presents the incidence of body weight changes (≥ 5 lbs) in the 3 SAD trials using bupropion hydrochloride extended-release. A higher proportion of subjects in the bupropion group (23%) had a weight loss ≥ 5 lbs, compared to the placebo group (11%). These were relatively long-term trials (up to 6 months).

Table 6 Incidence of Weight Gain or Weight Loss (≥ 5 lbs) in SAD Trials Using Bupropion Hydrochloride Extended-Release

Weight Change	Bupropion Hydrochloride Extended-Release 150 to 300 mg/day (n=537)	Placebo (n=511)
Gained > 5 lbs	11%	21%
Lost > 5 lbs	23%	11%

6.2 Postmarketing Experience

The following adverse reactions have been identified during post-approval use of bupropion hydrochloride extended-release tablets (XL). Because these reactions are reported voluntarily from a population of uncertain size, it is not always possible to reliably estimate their frequency or establish a causal relationship to drug exposure.

Body (General)

Chills, facial edema, edema, peripheral edema, musculoskeletal chest pain, photosensitivity, and malaise.

Cardiovascular

Postural hypotension, hypertension, stroke, vasodilation, syncope, complete atrioventricular block, extrasystoles, myocardial infarction, phlebitis, pulmonary embolism, and Brugada pattern/syndrome.

Digestive

Abnormal liver function, bruxism, gastric reflux, gingivitis, glossitis, increased salivation, jaundice, mouth ulcers, stomatitis, thirst, edema of tongue, colitis, esophagitis, gastrointestinal hemorrhage, gum hemorrhage, hepatitis, intestinal perforation, liver damage, pancreatitis, and stomach ulcer.

Endocrine

Hyperglycemia, hypoglycemia, and syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion.

Hemic and Lymphatic

Ecchymosis, anemia, leukocytosis, leukopenia, lymphadenopathy, pancytopenia, and thrombocytopenia. Altered PT and/or INR, associated with hemorrhagic or thrombotic complications, were observed when bupropion was coadministered with warfarin.

Metabolic and Nutritional

Glycosuria.

Musculoskeletal

Leg cramps, fever/rhabdomyolysis, and muscle weakness.

Nervous System

Abnormal coordination, depersonalization, emotional lability, hyperkinesia, hypertonia, hypesthesia, vertigo, amnesia, ataxia, derealization, abnormal electroencephalogram (EEG), aggression, akinesia, aphasia, coma, dysarthria, dyskinesia, dystonia, euphoria, extrapyramidal syndrome, hypokinesia, increased libido, neuralgia, neuropathy, paranoid ideation, restlessness, suicide attempt, and unmasking tardive dyskinesia.

Respiratory

Bronchospasm and pneumonia.

Skin and Subcutaneous Tissue Disorders

Maculopapular rash, alopecia, angioedema, exfoliative dermatitis, hirsutism, acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis, and drug reaction with eosinophilias and system symptoms (DRESS).  

Special Senses

Accommodation abnormality, dry eye, deafness, increased intraocular pressure, angle-closure glaucoma, and mydriasis.

Urogenital

Impotence, polyuria, prostate disorder, abnormal ejaculation, cystitis, dyspareunia, dysuria, gynecomastia, menopause, painful erection, salpingitis, urinary incontinence, urinary retention, and vaginitis.