Eczemol (potassium bromide 1 [hp_x] nickel sulfate 1 [hp_x] sulfur 1 [hp_x]) Dailymed
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Caution
Federal law prohibits dispensing without a prescription.
Description
ECZEMOL ® is a biochemical homeopathic medication indicated for the treatment of eczema. 27,29 The active ingredients in each ECZEMOL ® tablet consist of the following: Potassium Bromide (Kali Bromatum) 1X, Sulphur 1X, and Nickel Sulphate (Niccolum Sulphuricum) 1X. These drug ingredients are uled in the Homoeopathic Pharmacopoeia of the United States (HPUS). 1
Inactive ingredients: Lactose, Fumaric Acid, and Magnesium Stearate.
Pharmacological class: Homeopathic drug.
Dosage form: Oral 300 mg scored tablet. May be swallowed whole, chewed or dissolved in the mouth and swallowed.
Clinical Pharmacology
The active ingredients in ECZEMOL ® are simple biochemical compounds. The exact mechanism of action is unknown; however, it is believed ECZEMOL ® addresses a primary genetic biochemical defect.
POTASSIUM BROMIDE dissolves and dissociates in the digestive tract into its ionic constituents. Each tablet contains approximately 15 mg of bromide (calculated). Ionic bromide is rapidly and completely absorbed from the intestine and distributed almost exclusively in the extracellular fluids. 7,8 Bromide is eliminated by the kidneys and the elimination half-life is 11-12 days. "Once a day" dosing will lead to a steady state concentration in about seven weeks. 7
SULPHUR is a naturally occurring mineral that is an essential part of the human body. It exhibits anti-bacterial, anti-parasitic, fungicidal, and keratolytic properties. 26 Each tablet contains approximately 1.5 mg of sulphur (calculated). Sulphur is highly water soluble and as a result is easily excreted by the body via sweat and urine. 22 Since the sulphur found in ECZEMOL ® is a naturally occurring mineral, it is radically different from sulfa drugs (sulfonamide antibiotics). Therefore, patients who are allergic to sulfa drugs CAN safely take ECZEMOL ® .
NICKEL SULPHATE dissolves and dissociates in the digestive tract into its ionic constituents. Each tablet contains approximately 0.5 mg of ionic nickel (calculated). According to studies, 15% to 50% of ionic nickel is absorbed on a fasted stomach. 2 Food markedly decreases the rate and extent of nickel absorption. 3,4 Clinical studies show that serum concentrations of nickel are variable among patients after administering the same dosage. 5 Peak serum nickel concentration is reached about two hours after oral administration. "Once a day" dosing leads to steady state serum concentrations in approximately one week. Nickel is in its highly stable divalent cation state and is therefore not expected to be metabolized to any significant degree in the body. Absorbed nickel is primarily excreted in the urine and elimination half-life is about 21 hours. 3,5 Renal clearance is rapid and efficient, and nickel does not accumulate in the body. 6
Clinical Studies
A variety of controlled clinical studies have been performed using various sources of both nickel and bromide in over 300 subjects. Clinical efficacy and safety have been documented in a significant number of subjects. Published and unpublished reports are available upon request. 9,20,21
Indications
ECZEMOL ® is indicated for the treatment of moderate to severe eczema and atopic dermatitis. It has been found to work well with a variety of combination therapies.
Contraindications
Although there are no known contraindications, patients who are allergic to any ECZEMOL ® ingredient should consult a physician prior to taking the medication. (Refer to Section on Hypersensitivity)
Warning
Do not use if imprinted seal under bottle cap is missing or broken. Do not use if pregnant or nursing. If allergic to nickel or metal objects such as jewelry or if there is a history of bulering hand eczema, see PRECAUTIONS for hypersensitivity information. Lactose intolerant patients may have gastrointestinal difficulty. This has very rarely been reported at the doses used.
Precautions
Carefully adjust dosage to weight when treating young children. Use cautiously in setting of kidney disease. (see Dosage and Administration) If skin rash appears or if nervous symptoms persist, recur frequently, or are unusual, discontinue use.
Hypersensitivity
Caution should be used when administering to patients with a history of contact sensitivity to nickel (common metal exposure) or if there is a history of vesicular hand eczema (dyshidrosis, pomphylox). Nickel allergy may be confirmed by a positive nickel patch test. Most patients with hand eczema, positive nickel allergy history, or a positive nickel patch test do not have any untoward reaction to administration of ECZEMOL ®. If there is a history of nickel sensitivity or dyshidrotic hand eczema, begin with a very low dose and slowly increase to a recommended starting dose over a period of 5 weeks as tolerated, thus allowing progressive GI absorption *.
*Nickel desensitization schedule: Week Amount of Time to Take Medication Prior to Breakfast Week 1 With Breakfast Week 2 15 min Prior Week 3 30 min Prior Week 4 45 min Prior Week 5 and thereon 1 hour Prior
If new pruritic rashes occur or persist, discontinue ECZEMOL ® and treat appropriately. Do not use if there is a history of extra-cutaneous hypersensitivity to nickel or any ingredient in ECZEMOL ®.
Information for patients
Patients using ECZEMOL ® should receive the following information and instructions:
- This medication is to be used as directed by a physician.
- It is important to take orally at the beginning of the day on an empty stomach (or any convenient time after having taken nothing but water for at least 7 hours) and to eat or drink nothing but water for at least one hour afterwards to avoid interference with absorption.
Drug interactions
There are no known drug interactions.
Carcinogenesis, mutagenesis, impairment of fertility
No studies have been done on the carcinogenesis, mutagenesis, or impairment of fertility of ECZEMOL ®. No carcinogenesis or mutagenesis has been reported in multiple animal studies for oral administration of soluble nickel and bromide salts (active ingredients) even at very high doses. 10-14
Effects of soluble potassium bromide
KBr is not uled as a carcinogen by the NTP, IARC, and OSHA. 16
Effects of sulphur
Sulphur is not uled as a carcinogen by the ACGIH, IARC, NIOSH, NTP, or OSHA. 25
Effects of soluble nickel sulphate
Studies on experimental animals have never indicated that nickel, at any dose, is a carcinogen when introduced to the body orally. Furthermore, Nickel sulphate and other highly water soluble nickel salts, have never been known to induce carcinogenesis via any route of introduction including: oral, inhalation, cutaneous, IM, or IP. 10-12,15 No adverse effects were noted on fertility or reproduction in a 3-generational study of albino Wistar rats fed up to 1000 ppm Ni per day, which is equivalent to 50 mg/kg body weight per day Ni. 15
Pregnancy
Pregnancy category C
Animal reproduction studies have not been conducted with ECZEMOL ®. ECZEMOL ® should not be given to a pregnant woman.
Nursing mothers
It is not known whether this drug is excreted in human milk. However, since many drugs are excreted in human milk, caution should be exercised when ECZEMOL ® is administered to a nursing woman.
Pediatric use
Carefully adjust dosage to weight when treating young children.
Adverse Reactions
ECZEMOL ® contains low doses of active ingredients. Therefore there are minimal known side effects. (see PRECAUTIONS for hypersensitivity information)
Overdosage
Potassium bromide toxicity
Indications of toxicity due to oral overdosage of bromide may include nausea, vomiting, apathy, disturbed coordination, loss of memory, drowsiness, loss of emotional control, agitation, hallucination, tremors, depressed reflexes, stupor, and coma. Acute toxic reactions in humans have been reported at doses as low as 1000 mg. 19 This level is 67 times the dose received in one tablet of ECZEMOL ®.
Sulphur toxicity
The oral rat LD 50 for sulphur is reported to be greater than 5,000 mg/kg . 23 This is more than 37,000 times the maximum dose recommended for ECZEMOL ®. (see Dosage) Ingestion of toxic levels of sulphur can cause sore throat, nausea, headache, gastrointestinal irritation, and possibly unconsciousness in severe cases. 24,25 Sulphur poses such a remote risk that it is placed in the lowest toxic category possible, EPA Toxicity Category IV. 23
Nickel sulphate toxicity
The oral rat LD 50 for nickel sulphate hexahydrate is 275 mg/kg. 17 Symptoms of toxicity due to oral overdosage of nickel sulphate may include nausea, vomiting, abdominal discomfort, diarrhea, giddiness, lassitude, headaches, cough, and shortness of breath. 18 The lowest observed transitory toxic effects from human ingestion of soluble nickel salts is approximately 8 mg nickel/kg body weight. 18 This is 180 times the maximum dose recommended for ECZEMOL ®. (See below)
Dosage And Administration
Absorption of nickel sulphate is variable among individuals. For maximum absorption, tablets should be taken orally at the beginning of the day (or any convenient time after having taken nothing but water for at least 7 hours). Take nothing but water for one hour after taking medication to aid absorption.
Kg lbs Starting dose Max Daily dose 5-11 11-25 ¼ ½ 12-22 26-50 ½ 1 23-45 51-100 1 2 46-68 101-150 2 4 69-90 151-200 3 6 91+ 201+ 4 8 In the setting of renal impairment
Dosage should be adjusted and serum nickel and bromide levels should be followed. Steady state trough level should be drawn prior to ingesting the day's dose after one week of dosing or at appropriate intervals. Target trough serum nickel level is 20-40 mcg/L. (Caution: post dose peak levels are unreliable.) Treatment duration depends on the individual. Increase dose as needed on a monthly basis. Try b.i.d. dosing (upon rising and at bedtime) if max dose (see above) is not effective; do not exceed max daily dose.
Maintenance phase
In order to maintain symptomatic relief, medication may be continued at the same or reduced initial phase dose level.
How Supplied
Scored tablets, off white in color with green speckles, withand score imprinted on same side, in child-resistant and tamper-resistant bottles of 100. NDC 61480-127-05
RxSales@PlymouthPharmaceuticals.com
www.PlymouthPharmaceuticals.com
Plymouth Pharmaceuticals Inc. dba LOMA LUX Laboratories; P.O. BOX 702418; Tulsa, OK 74170-2418
Phone 800.316.9636, 918.664.9882, Fax 918.664.9884
Revised 2.7.06 mn
Principal Display Panel - 100 Tablet Bottle Label
NDC 61480-127-05 Homeopathic Medication
ECZEMOL ®
Indicated for treatment of ECZEMA
100 Tablets
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